Casio V.P.A.M. Calculators are made by which use Casio's ( V.P.A.M.), Natural Display or Natural V.P.A.M. Input methods.V.P.A.M. Is an system for entering mathematical expressions, used by Casio in most of its current scientific calculators.

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In the the of mathematical operators is taken into account. According to Casio, in V.P.A.M. Calculations can be input exactly as they are normally written.

Functions, operators and symbols are shown on the calculator display and calculations are performed according to operator precedence. Contents.History The V.P.A.M. Name was first introduced in 1994 with the introduction of the fx-991S scientific calculator in Japan. In 1998, the Casio fx-991W model used a two-tier (multi-line) display and the system was termed as S-V.P.A.M. (Super V.P.A.M.).

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The model featured a 5×6-dot LCD matrix cells on the top line of the screen and a 7-segment LCD on the bottom line of the screen that had been used in Casio fx-4500P. The S-V.P.A.M. System was also used in the other W series models and also the MS series of calculators that followed. Is similar to the Direct Algebraic Logic (D.A.L.) used by in some of their scientific calculators.The fx-82ES introduced by Casio in 2004 was the first calculator to incorporate the Natural Textbook Display (or Natural Display) system. It allowed the display of expressions of fractions, exponents, logarithms, powers and square roots etc.

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As they are written in a standard textbook. Natural Display uses natural representation of mathematical expressions and formulas through a 96×31 display. Casio uses the term Natural V.P.A.M. For the fx-ES Plus series of calculators which are the upgraded version of the fx-ES series.In early 2015, Casio introduced a new line of calculators called CLASSWIZ for different markets, featuring a high resolution (192×63) dot matrix Natural Textbook Display and incorporating spreadsheet functions in some models. This series of calculators is called the fx-EX series and it succeeds the fx-ES Plus series of calculators.

Casio V.P.A.M. Fx-570S.

fx-991S / 570S / 911S (c. 1994). fx-115S / 100S / 122S (c. 1995).

fx-993S / 992S (c. 1996). fx-300S (a simplified 8+2 digit version)S-V.P.A.M. (Two-line, Multi-replay) W-series Changes to S-series calculators include:. 2-line LCD display featuring 5×6-dot matrix cells top line and 7-segment LCD bottom line that had been used in Casio fx-4500P programmable calculators (used 5×7-dot matrix cells). fx-991W / 570W / 115W / 100W / 115WA (c. 1998-99).

fx-82TL / 83W / 85W / 85WA / 300W / 350TL / 83WA / 270W (c. 1998-99)MS-series Revised variants of W Series of calculators including new functions such as:. Relocation of multiple functions into menus, previously featured in Casio fx-5500LA, but function is selected by numeric keypad. Multiple statement recallNon-programmable models:. fx-991MS / 570MS / 115MS / 100MS / 95MS / 85MS / 350MS / 82MS (early 2000s). fx-912MS (Japanese version of the fx-115MS).

fx-300MS (U.S. Model). OH-300MS (Overhead projection model), fx-100AU (Australia specific). fx-500MS (Vietnam). fx-290 (Japan). fx-220 PLUS (International)Programmable models:.

fx-3650/3950P (International). fx-3650P II (International).

fx-50F PLUS (International). fx-50FH (Hong Kong). fx-50FH II (Hong Kong). fx-72F (Japan). Casio fx-115ES scientific calculator with. (also called 'Natural V.P.A.M.' In the updated version)Revised version of the MS Series including the following changes:.

Mutli-line 96×31 dot matrix displays, but character cells are connected by dots like. The ability to display and edit mathematical formulae in more visual formats. Revised design of function menu interface, previously featured in Casio fx-4800P. No engineering symbol input or display facility, which was available in certain MS / W / S series models (fx-100, 115, 570 and 991MS / W / S).Model-specific features include:.

Numerical integration usesModels:. fx-991ES / 570ES / 115ES (c. Vector canoe basics.

2004). fx-500ES / 350ES / 300ES / 85ES / 83ES / 82ES (c. 2004). OH-300ES (Overhead projection model).

FC-100/200V (financial functions)Natural V.P.A.M. Models:. fx-82AU PLUS II (Australia). fx-82ES PLUS A (China, simplified Chinese messages). fx-82 / 95 / 350 / 570 / 991ES PLUS (c. 2008-09).

fx-115 / 300ES PLUS (U.S.). fx-991ES PLUS C (Canadian version of fx-115ES PLUS).

fx-82 / 85 / 87 / 991DE PLUS (Germany). fx-85GT/fx-83GT Plus (EU specific). fx-82 / 991ZA Plus (South Africa). fx-373 / 913 / 573 / 993ES (2008) (Japan).

fx-375 / 915 / 995ES (2012) (Japan). fx-500 / 570VN PLUS (Vietnam). fx-95 / 96SG PLUS (Singapore). OH-300ES PLUS (Overhead projection model).

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fx-FD10 Pro (International civil engineering model)The CPU found in those models is based on the nX-U8/100 architecture. ClassWiz (High-resolution Natural Textbook Display).